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Three-dimensional mapping of gyral shape and cortical surface asymmetries in schizophrenia: gender effects
Source: American Journal of Psychiatry 2001 Feb;158(2):244-255.
Author: Narr K, Thompson PM, Sharma T, Moussai J, Zoumalan C, Rayman J, Toga AW.
PubMed ID: 11156807
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: People with schizophrenia exhibit alterations in brain structure, often in the left hemisphere. Nevertheless, the disturbance of structural lateralization is controversial in schizophrenia and effects appear mediated by gender. Our goal was to map differences in gyral asymmetries, complexity and variability across the entire cortex in schizophrenic (N = 25; 15 males) and demographically similar normal subjects (N = 28; 15 males). METHODS: Asymmetry and shape profiles were obtained for 38 gyral regions, including the Sylvian fissures, temporal and postcentral gyri from MR data using a novel surface-based mesh-modeling approach. Cortical complexity was also examined for sex and diagnosis effects in lobar regions. Finally, intra-group variability was quantified and visualized to assess regional group alterations at the cortical surface. RESULTS: In schizophrenia, frontal areas revealed regionally increased variability profiles discriminating diagnostic groups. Furthermore, in superior frontal cortices, significant deviations in gyral complexity asymmetries were present in schizophrenia. In temporo-parietal regions however, significant gyral asymmetries were present in both patients and controls. Sex differences were apparent in superior temporal gyral parameters, and in inferior frontal regions, cortical complexity was significantly greater in males. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical variability and complexity profiles show regional alterations in frontal cortices potentially specific to schizophrenia neuropathology. Results indicate even in small samples, the presence of highly significant temporo-parietal gyral asymmetries in both diagnostic groups, contrary to reports of reduced lateralization in schizophrenia. Furthermore, only substantially larger samples sizes appear likely to reveal subtle diagnostic group by surface asymmetry interactions if present, suggesting they are of little diagnostic value in schizophrenia.
Source: American Journal of Psychiatry 2001 Feb;158(2):244-255.
Author: Narr K, Thompson PM, Sharma T, Moussai J, Zoumalan C, Rayman J, Toga AW.
PubMed ID: 11156807
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: People with schizophrenia exhibit alterations in brain structure, often in the left hemisphere. Nevertheless, the disturbance of structural lateralization is controversial in schizophrenia and effects appear mediated by gender. Our goal was to map differences in gyral asymmetries, complexity and variability across the entire cortex in schizophrenic (N = 25; 15 males) and demographically similar normal subjects (N = 28; 15 males). METHODS: Asymmetry and shape profiles were obtained for 38 gyral regions, including the Sylvian fissures, temporal and postcentral gyri from MR data using a novel surface-based mesh-modeling approach. Cortical complexity was also examined for sex and diagnosis effects in lobar regions. Finally, intra-group variability was quantified and visualized to assess regional group alterations at the cortical surface. RESULTS: In schizophrenia, frontal areas revealed regionally increased variability profiles discriminating diagnostic groups. Furthermore, in superior frontal cortices, significant deviations in gyral complexity asymmetries were present in schizophrenia. In temporo-parietal regions however, significant gyral asymmetries were present in both patients and controls. Sex differences were apparent in superior temporal gyral parameters, and in inferior frontal regions, cortical complexity was significantly greater in males. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical variability and complexity profiles show regional alterations in frontal cortices potentially specific to schizophrenia neuropathology. Results indicate even in small samples, the presence of highly significant temporo-parietal gyral asymmetries in both diagnostic groups, contrary to reports of reduced lateralization in schizophrenia. Furthermore, only substantially larger samples sizes appear likely to reveal subtle diagnostic group by surface asymmetry interactions if present, suggesting they are of little diagnostic value in schizophrenia.