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Visualizing the 3-D structure, function of brain
Source: Clinical Neuropharmacology 1990;13(S2):462-463.
Author: Toga AW.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT: Autoradiographic and histologic preparations are two of many methods which have provided neuroscientists with a more comprehensive understanding of brain structure and function. This papter describes methods for displaying functional and anatomic data on arbitrary collections of surfaces on or within the brain. The resulting displays provide quantitative information on the magnitude of functional activity as well as accurate perception of surface form. INTRODUCTION: Many basic science experiments require they physical sectioning of tissue to examine anatomy or function deep to the surface at acceptable resolutions. Recent efforts at 3D reconstruction have concentrated on systems that model structure or function. Volume rendering techniques have displayed the volume of data directly, without constructing an intermediate surface representation. Techniques have been developed for mapping biological function on 3D structure. Surface based methods include direct mapping of function without surface shading and solid texturing. A volume of quantitative data in the brain can be thought of as a solid texture where color variations correspond to degrees of functional activity. Our goal is to permit functional mapping on arbitrary surfaces within or on the brain, within a flexible graphics environment. In this paper, we present a system for mapping functional data upon arbitrary surfaces within or on the brain. The resulting models have applications in neurobiology because they provide and alternative to cutaways for viewing patterns of internal functional activity. METHODS: Surfaces of structures were constructed using a technique which triangulates between the outlines of successive sections. A solid texture function was constructed from quantitative data for surface mapping. The original sectons provided the density data. Surface viewing required the designation of various parameters such as color, transparency, hardness, and priority. Next, geometric transformations were applied for rotation, translation, scaling, and perspective. The final rendering process displayed surfaces of the triangular models with an A-buffer method, and applied solid texturing where appropriate. RESULTS: These methods for the functional mapping of brain were applied to the cortical surface, the surface of internal nuclear structures, and arbitrary cutting planes. Because the surfaces are natural and complex, special consideration was necessary to provide realistic displays without sacrificing quantitation. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown a system for displaying neurobiological surface models with reference to structure and function. We combined quantitative data with surface rendering and shading algorithms in a defined way. The functional mapping allows both form and function to be appreciated in a 3D context. As a result, both quantitative and positional information can be understood in its global context.
Source: Clinical Neuropharmacology 1990;13(S2):462-463.
Author: Toga AW.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT: Autoradiographic and histologic preparations are two of many methods which have provided neuroscientists with a more comprehensive understanding of brain structure and function. This papter describes methods for displaying functional and anatomic data on arbitrary collections of surfaces on or within the brain. The resulting displays provide quantitative information on the magnitude of functional activity as well as accurate perception of surface form. INTRODUCTION: Many basic science experiments require they physical sectioning of tissue to examine anatomy or function deep to the surface at acceptable resolutions. Recent efforts at 3D reconstruction have concentrated on systems that model structure or function. Volume rendering techniques have displayed the volume of data directly, without constructing an intermediate surface representation. Techniques have been developed for mapping biological function on 3D structure. Surface based methods include direct mapping of function without surface shading and solid texturing. A volume of quantitative data in the brain can be thought of as a solid texture where color variations correspond to degrees of functional activity. Our goal is to permit functional mapping on arbitrary surfaces within or on the brain, within a flexible graphics environment. In this paper, we present a system for mapping functional data upon arbitrary surfaces within or on the brain. The resulting models have applications in neurobiology because they provide and alternative to cutaways for viewing patterns of internal functional activity. METHODS: Surfaces of structures were constructed using a technique which triangulates between the outlines of successive sections. A solid texture function was constructed from quantitative data for surface mapping. The original sectons provided the density data. Surface viewing required the designation of various parameters such as color, transparency, hardness, and priority. Next, geometric transformations were applied for rotation, translation, scaling, and perspective. The final rendering process displayed surfaces of the triangular models with an A-buffer method, and applied solid texturing where appropriate. RESULTS: These methods for the functional mapping of brain were applied to the cortical surface, the surface of internal nuclear structures, and arbitrary cutting planes. Because the surfaces are natural and complex, special consideration was necessary to provide realistic displays without sacrificing quantitation. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown a system for displaying neurobiological surface models with reference to structure and function. We combined quantitative data with surface rendering and shading algorithms in a defined way. The functional mapping allows both form and function to be appreciated in a 3D context. As a result, both quantitative and positional information can be understood in its global context.